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Identfication of Pressure Ulcer Risk Factors

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KMID : 0388519960080010029
±è¿µ°æ ( Kim Yeong-Kyeong ) - ºÎ»ê°¡Å縯´ëÇб³ °£È£´ëÇÐ

Abstract

º» ¿¬±¸´Â ´ë»óÀÚ °£È£¸¦ Á÷Á¢ ´ã´çÇÏ´Â °£È£»çµéÀÌ ÀνÄÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¿åâ¹ß»ýÀÇ À§ÇèÀÎÀÚ¸¦ È®ÀÎÇØ º½À¸·Î½á ¾ÕÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·± À§ÇèÀÎÀÚ¸¦ Á¶±â ÀνÄÇÏ°í ¿¹¹æÇϰųª ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â À§ÇèÀÎÀÚ¸¦ ¹Ì¸® Á¶ÀýÇÏ¿© ´ë»óÀÚÀÇ ÇǺÎÅëÇÕ¼º À¯Áö¸¦ À§ÇÑ °£È£ÀÇ È¿À²¼ºÀ» °¡Á®¿À·Á´Â ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ½ÃµµµÇ¾ú´Ù.

¿¬±¸´ë»óÀº ºÎ»ê, °æ³² Áö¿ªÀÇ ´ëÇкμӺ´¿øÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ 10°³ Á¾ÇÕº´¿ø °£È£»ç Áß ¿¬±¸¸ñÀû¿¡ ºÎÇյǴ º´µ¿´ÜÀ§ÀÇ °£È£»ç 474¸íÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç ÀÚ·á¼öÁýÀº 1996³â 10¿ù, 15ÀÏ¡­ll¿ù 9ÀÏ¿¡ °Éó ¼³¹®Áö Á¶»ç¸¦ ÅëÇØ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ³´Ù.

¿¬±¸µµ±¸´Â Sparks(1990)ÀÇ Diagnostic Content Validity Tool : Potential Impaired Skin Integrity (DCVT : PISI)¸¦ ±âÃÊ·Î º» ¿¬±¸ÀÚ°¡ ¹®Çå°ËÅ並 ÅëÇØ ÀϺÎÇ׸ñÀ» ¼öÁ¤ º¸¿ÏÇÏ¿© 76¹®Ç×À¸·Î ±¸¼ºÇÑ 5Á¡ ÆòÁ¡Çü ôµµÀÌ´Ù. º» ¿¬±¸¸¦ ÅëÇØ ³ªÅ¸³­ µµ±¸ÀÇ ½Å·Úµµ´Â Cronbach¡¯s ¥á=.95¿´´Ù.

ÀÚ·áºÐ¼®Àº ÀϹÝÀû Ư¼ºÀº ¹éºÐÀ²·Î, °¢ ¿åâ¹ß»ý À§ÇèÀÎÀÚÀÇ Á¤µµ´Â Æò±Õ, Ç¥ÁØÆíÂ÷ ¹× ¼øÀ§·Î ºñ±³ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç Æò±ÕÆòÁ¡ 4Á¡~5Á¡ »çÀÌÀÇ Ç׸ñÀº ¿åâ¹ß»ý ÁÖÀ§ÇèÀÎÀÚ(major pressure ulcer risk factors), 3Á¡¡­3.99Á¡ »çÀÌÀÇ Ç׸ñÀº ¿åâ¹ß»ý ¼ÒÀ§ÇèÀÚ(minor pressure ulcer risk factors), 2¡­2.99Á¡ »çÀÌ´Â ¿åâ¹ß»ý ±Ø¼Ò À§ÇèÀÎÀÚ(possible pressure ulcer risk factors)·Î ¸í¸íÇÏ¿´°í 1.99Á¡ ÀÌÇÏÀÇ Ç׸ñÀº ¿åâ¹ß»ý°ú °ÅÀÇ °ü°è°¡ ¾ø´Ù°í º¸¾Ò´Ù. ¿¬±¸µµ±¸ÀÇ ½Å·Úµµ´Â Cronbach¡¯s a·Î ºÐ¼®ÇÏ¿´´Ù.

¿¬±¸ÀÇ °á°ú´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.

1, ¿åâ¹ß»ý ÁÖÀ§ÇèÀÎÀÚ·Î ³ªÅ¸³­ °ÍÀº 29°³ Ç׸ñÀ̾úÀ¸¸ç ±âµ¿»óŸ¦ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ŸÀο¡ ÀÇÁ¸(4.85), È¥¼ö(4.79), ¸¶ºñ(4.79), ÀÚ°¡°£È£¸¦ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ŸÀο¡ ÀÇÁ¸(4.75), üÀ§º¯°æÀÌ ¾î·Á¿ò(4.69), ½ÉÇÑ ¼è¾à ¹× ¾Ç¾×Áú(4,58), °ñ°Ýµ¹Ãâ(4.55), ´ç´¢º´ (4.55), ½ÉÇÑ Àü½Å°¨¿°(4.54), ¼øȯÀúÇÏ(4.48), ¿ÜºÎÀÇ ¾Ð¹Ú(4.44) µîÀÇ ¼øÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù.

2.¿åâ¹ß»ý ¼ÒÀ§ÇèÀÎÀÚ·Î ³ªÅ¸³­ °ÍÀº 32°³ Ç׸ñÀ¸·Î¼­ °ñÀý(3.99), ºñ¸¸(3.89), Àü´Ü·Â °°Àº ±â°èÀû ÀÎÀÚ³ª ÇàÀ§(3.87), ÇǺαäÀåµµ(3.86), Áö°¢ÀÎÁöÀÇ º¯È­(3.87), ¾Ð¹Ú¾ïÁ¦´ë(3.81), ´ë»ç»óÅÂÀÇ º¯È­(3.79), ½É¸Æ°ü Áúȯ(3.78), üÁß(3.74), ºñŸ¹Î °áÇÌ(3.73) µîÀÇ ¼øÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù.

3.¿åâ¹ß»ý ±Ø¼ÒÀ§ÇèÀÎÀÚ·Î ³ªÅ¸³­ °ÍÀº 13°³ Ç׸ñÀ¸·Î¼­ ÃÖ¸éÁ¦(2.92), ½ÉÀμºÀÎÀÚ(2.88), ¹æÇâ°¨°¢½Ç(2.86) µÕÀÇ ¼øÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù.

4.ÀÀ´äÀÚ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Á¦ÀÇµÈ ºÎ°¡ÀûÀÎ ¿åâ¹ß»ý À§ÇèÀÎÀڷδ º¸È£ÀÚ¿Í È¯ÀÚÀÇ ¿åâÀ§Ç輺¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀνĺÎÁ·, ÇǺÎÀÇ Ã»°áÁ¤µµ,¿åâ¹æÁö¸¦ À§ÇÑ ±â±¸»ç¿ë À¯¹«, ¹ßÇÑ ¹× °èÀý µîÀ̾ú´Ù.

The Purpose of this study is to identify pressure ulcer risk factors that are considered to be important by nurses.

The subjects of this study are 474 registered nurses. Data were collected from Oct 15 to Nov 9, 1996 by using questionnaires.

The instrument used in this study was developed by the author on the basis of Spark¡¯s DCVT: PISI. This scale consists of 76 items that are considered to affect development of pressure ulcers. Data were analyzed by Mean, SD, percentage and Cronbach¡¯s a.

The Results of the study are as follows.

1. The major pressure ulcer risk factors are dependent mobility status, altered mental status: coma, paralysis, dependent self care, difficulty in changing positions, nutritional status: cachexia/debilitation, diabetes mellitus and severe generalized infection, etc.

2. The minor pressure ulcer risk factors are fractures, obesity, shearing forces & friction, skin tugor, altered sensory perception, restraints, altered metabolic state and cardiovascular disease, etc.

3. The possible pressure ulcer risk factors are hypnotics, psychogenic factors and disorientation, etc.

4. Additional pressure ulcer risk factors are insight deficit of patient and his/her family about pressure ulcer risks, skin cleanliness, use of ulcer prevention devices, sweat and season.
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